Acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women. Recurrent urinary tract infection in women. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. Takhar SS, et al. Diagnosis and management of urinary tract infection in the emergency department and outpatient settings. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America. Overactive bladder OAB : Lifestyle changes. Urology Care Foundation. Accessed July 3, Warner KJ. Allscripts EPSi. Mayo Clinic. Hooper DC.
Accessed Aug. FDA drug safety communication: FDA updates warnings for oral and injectable fluoroquinole antibiotics due to disabling side effects. Natural Medicines. Accessed Oct. Urinary tract infection adult. Most infections in women are caused by bacteria from the bowel that reach the urethra and bladder. Most infections in men are the result of problems that restrict normal urine flow, such as an enlarged prostate. Health care professionals use your medical history, a physical exam, and tests to diagnose a bladder infection.
Anyone can get bladder infections, but women are more prone to getting them than men. This is because women have shorter urethras, making the path to the bladder easier for bacteria to reach. This means there is a shorter distance for bacteria to travel. As men age, the prostate can enlarge.
This can cause blockages to the flow of urine and increase the likelihood of a man developing a UTI. UTIs tend to increase in men as they age. A doctor can diagnose your bladder infection by performing a urinalysis. This is a test performed on a sample of urine to check for the presence of:. Your doctor may also perform a urine culture , which is a test to determine the type of bacteria in the urine causing the infection.
Once the type of bacteria is known, it will be tested for antibiotic sensitivity to determine which antibiotic will best treat the infection. You can connect with a primary care doctor or an urologist in your area using the Healthline FindCare tool. Bladder infections are treated with prescription medications to kill the bacteria, usually antibiotics, and medications that relieve pain and burning.
The most common medication for relieving the pain and burning associated with bladder infections is called phenazopyridine Pyridium. When you have a UTI, drinking plenty of fluids can help flush the bacteria out of your bladder. Water is best because it is free of caffeine and artificial sweeteners , which are known bladder irritants. Concentrated cranberry solutions, juices, and extracts may have a role in preventing UTIs against the bacteria E. But they should not be solely relied upon to treat an active infection.
In a recent study published in Frontiers in Microbiology , cranberry juice did lower the number of bacteria in the bladder during an infection, but it did not cure the infection completely. If you have been experiencing recurrent bladder infections, your doctor may recommend prophylactic treatment. This consists of antibiotics taken in small daily doses to prevent or control future bladder infections. Most are uncomplicated infections typically caused by the Escherichia coli E.
Although an uncomplicated bladder infection is often easily treated with a short course of antibiotics , it can be considerably uncomfortable for the person who has it. Bladder infections often occur when bacteria get into the urethra, the tube that carries urine out of the body, and then move into the bladder.
Once in the bladder, the bacteria can stick to the lining of the bladder, causing it to become inflamed, a condition known as cystitis. The bacteria can also move from the bladder into the kidneys, resulting in a kidney infection. There are a number of factors that can increase the risk of getting a bladder infection, including:. A doctor can usually diagnose a bladder infection after discussing the symptoms a person is experiencing and doing a urinalysis. This is a urine test that looks for the presence of white blood cells in the urine, and signs of inflammation , which indicates an infection.
If a kidney infection is suspected, the doctor may recommend a urine culture. A urine culture is a laboratory test used to identify the different bacteria that may be present in a urine sample. People with uncomplicated bladder infections are usually treated with a short course of antibiotics. Treatment options vary, but the following are the most common prescriptions for uncomplicated cystitis:.
A 3-day course of treatment has been found to be as efficient as a 7-day course of treatment and people experienced fewer side effects. Side effects usually stem from the overgrowth of yeast, which can cause a rash and yeast vaginitis. The 3-day course is also more cost efficient than the 7-day regime. A single-dose treatment is also available, but it generally results in lower cure rates and more frequent recurrence.
Most people find that their symptoms begin to improve the day after beginning the treatment. Even if someone feels better, it is important that they take the full course of antibiotics in order to completely eliminate the infection. If they do not finish the whole dose, the infection may return, and it can be harder to treat the second time around.
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